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Hibernate Reactiveの使用

Hibernate Reactiveは、Hibernate ORMのリアクティブAPIで、ノンブロッキングのデータベースドライバと、データベースとのインタラクションのリアクティブなスタイルをサポートしています。

Hibernate Reactiveは、 Hibernate ORMガイド で説明されている同じアノテーションと、ほとんどの設定で動作します。このガイドでは、Hibernate Reactiveに特有のものにのみ焦点を当てます。

ソリューション

次のセクションで紹介する手順に沿って、ステップを踏んでアプリを作成することをお勧めします。ただし、完成した例にそのまま進んでも構いません。

Gitレポジトリをクローンするか git clone https://github.com/quarkusio/quarkus-quickstarts.gitアーカイブ をダウンロードします。

ソリューションは hibernate-reactive-quickstart ディレクトリにあります。

Hibernate Reactiveのセットアップと設定

QuarkusでHibernate Reactiveを使用する場合、以下が必要です:

  • application.properties に設定を追加

  • エンティティに @Entity やその他のマッピングアノテーションを通常通り付与

その他の設定の必要性は自動化されています。Quarkusは、いくつかの定見に基づいた選択と経験に基づいた推測を行います。

以下の依存関係をプロジェクトに追加してください:

例えば

pom.xml
<!-- Hibernate Reactive dependency -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-hibernate-reactive</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- Reactive SQL client for PostgreSQL -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-reactive-pg-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
build.gradle
// Hibernate Reactive dependency
implementation("io.quarkus:quarkus-hibernate-reactive")

Reactive SQL client for PostgreSQL
implementation("io.quarkus:quarkus-reactive-pg-client")

@Entity でパーシステント・オブジェクトにアノテーションを付け、 application.properties で関連する構成プロパティを追加します。

application.properties
# datasource configuration
quarkus.datasource.db-kind = postgresql
quarkus.datasource.username = quarkus_test
quarkus.datasource.password = quarkus_test

quarkus.datasource.reactive.url = vertx-reactive:postgresql://localhost/quarkus_test (1)

# drop and create the database at startup (use `update` to only update the schema)
quarkus.hibernate-orm.database.generation=drop-and-create
1 Hibernate ORMの設定と唯一異なるプロパティ

これらの設定プロパティは、典型的なHibernate Reactive設定ファイルにあるものと同じではないことに注意してください。これらはしばしばHibernate Reactive設定プロパティにマッピングされますが、名前が異なる可能性があり、必ずしも1対1でマッピングされるわけではありません。

また、Quarkusは多くのHibernate Reactiveの設定を自動的に行い、より現代的なデフォルトを使用することが多いです。

標準の persistence.xml 設定ファイルを使用してHibernate Reactiveを設定することはサポートされていません。

application.properties で設定できるプロパティのリストについては、Hibernate Reactive 設定プロパティ のセクションを参照してください。

プロジェクトの依存関係の中にHibernate Reactiveエクステンションがリストアップされていれば、Quarkus datasource の設定に基づいて Mutiny.SessionFactory が作成されます。

dialectは、Reactive SQLクライアントに基づいて選択されます(明示的に設定しない限り)。

その後、 Mutiny.SessionFactory を注入することができます。

Hibernate Reactiveを使用したアプリケーションBeanの例
@ApplicationScoped
public class SantaClausService {
    @Inject
    Mutiny.SessionFactory sf; (1)

    public Uni<Void> createGift(String giftDescription) {
	Gift gift = new Gift();
        gift.setName(giftDescription);
	return sf.withTransaction(session -> session.persist(gift)) (2)
    }
}
1 セッションファクトリを注入して楽しもう
2 .withTransaction() はコミット時に自動的にフラッシュされます。
データベースを変更するメソッド(例: session.persist(entity) )は、必ずトランザクション内にラップしてください。
エンティティの例
@Entity
public class Gift {
    private Long id;
    private String name;

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "giftSeq", sequenceName = "gift_id_seq", allocationSize = 1, initialValue = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "giftSeq")
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

Hibernate Reactive の起動時に SQL 文をロードするには、 src/main/resources/ ディレクトリに import.sql ファイルを追加します。このスクリプトには、任意の SQL DML ステートメントを含めることができます。各ステートメントは必ずセミコロンで終了させてください。

テストやデモ用のデータセットを用意しておくと便利です。

Hibernate Reactiveの設定プロパティ

セッションファクトリを改良したり、Quarkusの推測を導くのに役立つ様々なオプションのプロパティがあります。

プロパティが設定されていない場合、Quarkusは通常、Hibernate Reactiveのセットアップに必要なすべてを推測し、デフォルトのデータソースを使用するようにします。

ここに記載されている設定プロパティーでは、このようなデフォルトを上書きしたり、様々な面をカスタマイズしたり調整したりすることができます。

Hibernate Reactiveでは、Hibernate ORMで使用するのと同じプロパティを使用します。いくつかのプロパティの名前に jdbc が含まれていることに気づくと思いますが、Hibernate Reactive には JDBC は存在せず、これらは単に従来のプロパティ名です。

ビルド時に固定される設定プロパティ - その他の設定プロパティはランタイムでオーバーライド可能です。

Configuration property

デフォルト

Whether Hibernate ORM is enabled during the build.

If Hibernate ORM is disabled during the build, all processing related to Hibernate ORM will be skipped, but it will not be possible to activate Hibernate ORM at runtime: quarkus.hibernate-orm.active will default to false and setting it to true will lead to an error.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_ENABLED

boolean

true

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DATASOURCE

string

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_PACKAGES

list of string

Path to a file containing the SQL statements to execute when Hibernate ORM starts.

The file is retrieved from the classpath resources, so it must be located in the resources directory (e.g. src/main/resources).

The default value for this setting differs depending on the Quarkus launch mode:

  • In dev and test modes, it defaults to import.sql. Simply add an import.sql file in the root of your resources directory and it will be picked up without having to set this property. Pass no-file to force Hibernate ORM to ignore the SQL import file.

  • In production mode, it defaults to no-file. It means Hibernate ORM won’t try to execute any SQL import file by default. Pass an explicit value to force Hibernate ORM to execute the SQL import file.

If you need different SQL statements between dev mode, test (@QuarkusTest) and in production, use Quarkus configuration profiles facility.

application.properties
%dev.quarkus.hibernate-orm.sql-load-script = import-dev.sql
%test.quarkus.hibernate-orm.sql-load-script = import-test.sql
%prod.quarkus.hibernate-orm.sql-load-script = no-file

Quarkus supports .sql file with SQL statements or comments spread over multiple lines. Each SQL statement must be terminated by a semicolon.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_SQL_LOAD_SCRIPT

list of string

import.sql in DEV, TEST ; no-file otherwise

Pluggable strategy contract for applying physical naming rules for database object names. Class name of the Hibernate PhysicalNamingStrategy implementation

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_PHYSICAL_NAMING_STRATEGY

string

Pluggable strategy for applying implicit naming rules when an explicit name is not given. Class name of the Hibernate ImplicitNamingStrategy implementation

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_IMPLICIT_NAMING_STRATEGY

string

Class name of a custom org.hibernate.boot.spi.MetadataBuilderContributor implementation.

Not all customization options exposed by org.hibernate.boot.MetadataBuilder will work correctly. Stay clear of options related to classpath scanning in particular.

This setting is exposed mainly to allow registration of types, converters and SQL functions.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_METADATA_BUILDER_CONTRIBUTOR

string

XML files to configure the entity mapping, e.g. META-INF/my-orm.xml. Defaults to META-INF/orm.xml if it exists. Pass no-file to force Hibernate ORM to ignore META-INF/orm.xml.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_MAPPING_FILES

list of string

META-INF/orm.xml if it exists; no-file otherwise

The default in Quarkus is for 2nd level caching to be enabled, and a good implementation is already integrated for you. Just cherry-pick which entities should be using the cache. Set this to false to disable all 2nd level caches.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_SECOND_LEVEL_CACHING_ENABLED

boolean

true

Defines the method for multi-tenancy (DATABASE, NONE, SCHEMA). The complete list of allowed values is available in the Hibernate ORM JavaDoc. The type DISCRIMINATOR is currently not supported. The default value is NONE (no multi-tenancy).

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_MULTITENANT

string

Defines the name of the datasource to use in case of SCHEMA approach. The datasource of the persistence unit will be used if not set.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_MULTITENANT_SCHEMA_DATASOURCE

string

If hibernate is not auto generating the schema, and Quarkus is running in development mode then Quarkus will attempt to validate the database after startup and print a log message if there are any problems.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_VALIDATE_IN_DEV_MODE

boolean

true

Whether statistics collection is enabled. If 'metrics.enabled' is true, then the default here is considered true, otherwise the default is false.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_STATISTICS

boolean

Whether session metrics should be appended into the server log for each Hibernate session. This only has effect if statistics are enabled (quarkus.hibernate-orm.statistics). The default is false (which means both statistics and log-session-metrics need to be enabled for the session metrics to appear in the log).

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_LOG_SESSION_METRICS

boolean

Whether metrics are published if a metrics extension is enabled.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_METRICS_ENABLED

boolean

false

Whether this persistence unit should be active at runtime.

If the persistence unit is not active, it won’t start with the application, and accessing the corresponding EntityManagerFactory/EntityManager or SessionFactory/Session will not be possible.

Note that if Hibernate ORM is disabled (i.e. quarkus.hibernate-orm.enabled is set to false), all persistence units are deactivated, and setting this property to true will fail.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_ACTIVE

boolean

'true' if Hibernate ORM is enabled; 'false' otherwise

Properties that should be passed on directly to Hibernate ORM. Use the full configuration property key here, for instance quarkus.hibernate-orm.unsupported-properties."hibernate.order_inserts" = true.

Properties set here are completely unsupported: as Quarkus doesn’t generally know about these properties and their purpose, there is absolutely no guarantee that they will work correctly, and even if they do, that may change when upgrading to a newer version of Quarkus (even just a micro/patch version).

Consider using a supported configuration property before falling back to unsupported ones. If none exists, make sure to file a feature request so that a supported configuration property can be added to Quarkus, and more importantly so that the configuration property is tested regularly.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_UNSUPPORTED_PROPERTIES

Map<String,String>

Dialect related configuration

デフォルト

Class name of the Hibernate ORM dialect. The complete list of bundled dialects is available in the Hibernate ORM JavaDoc.

Not all the dialects are supported in GraalVM native executables: we currently provide driver extensions for PostgreSQL, MariaDB, Microsoft SQL Server and H2.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DIALECT

string

The storage engine to use when the dialect supports multiple storage engines.

E.g. MyISAM or InnoDB for MySQL.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DIALECT_STORAGE_ENGINE

string

Query related configuration

デフォルト

The maximum size of the query plan cache. see #QueryPlanCache#DEFAULT_QUERY_PLAN_MAX_COUNT

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_QUERY_QUERY_PLAN_CACHE_MAX_SIZE

int

2048

Default precedence of null values in ORDER BY clauses.

Valid values are: none, first, last.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_QUERY_DEFAULT_NULL_ORDERING

none, first, last

none

Enables IN clause parameter padding which improves statement caching.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_QUERY_IN_CLAUSE_PARAMETER_PADDING

boolean

true

Database related configuration

デフォルト

The charset of the database. Used for DDL generation and also for the SQL import scripts.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DATABASE_CHARSET

Charset

UTF-8

Whether Hibernate should quote all identifiers.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DATABASE_GLOBALLY_QUOTED_IDENTIFIERS

boolean

false

Select whether the database schema is generated or not. drop-and-create is awesome in development mode. This defaults to 'none', however if Dev Services is in use and no other extensions that manage the schema are present this will default to 'drop-and-create'. Accepted values: none, create, drop-and-create, drop, update, validate.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DATABASE_GENERATION

string

none

If Hibernate ORM should create the schemas automatically (for databases supporting them).

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DATABASE_GENERATION_CREATE_SCHEMAS

boolean

false

Whether we should stop on the first error when applying the schema.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DATABASE_GENERATION_HALT_ON_ERROR

boolean

false

The default catalog to use for the database objects.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DATABASE_DEFAULT_CATALOG

string

The default schema to use for the database objects.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DATABASE_DEFAULT_SCHEMA

string

JDBC related configuration

デフォルト

The time zone pushed to the JDBC driver.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_JDBC_TIMEZONE

string

How many rows are fetched at a time by the JDBC driver.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_JDBC_STATEMENT_FETCH_SIZE

int

The number of updates (inserts, updates and deletes) that are sent by the JDBC driver at one time for execution.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_JDBC_STATEMENT_BATCH_SIZE

int

Fetching logic configuration

デフォルト

The size of the batches used when loading entities and collections.

-1 means batch loading is disabled.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_FETCH_BATCH_SIZE

int

16

The maximum depth of outer join fetch tree for single-ended associations (one-to-one, many-to-one).

A 0 disables default outer join fetching.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_FETCH_MAX_DEPTH

int

Caching configuration

デフォルト

The maximum time before an object of the cache is considered expired.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_CACHE__CACHE__EXPIRATION_MAX_IDLE

Duration

The maximum number of objects kept in memory in the cache.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_CACHE__CACHE__MEMORY_OBJECT_COUNT

Discriminator related configuration

デフォルト

Existing applications rely (implicitly or explicitly) on Hibernate ignoring any DiscriminatorColumn declarations on joined inheritance hierarchies. This setting allows these applications to maintain the legacy behavior of DiscriminatorColumn annotations being ignored when paired with joined inheritance.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_DISCRIMINATOR_IGNORE_EXPLICIT_FOR_JOINED

boolean

false

Additional named persistence units

デフォルト

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DATASOURCE

string

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__PACKAGES

list of string

Path to a file containing the SQL statements to execute when Hibernate ORM starts.

The file is retrieved from the classpath resources, so it must be located in the resources directory (e.g. src/main/resources).

The default value for this setting differs depending on the Quarkus launch mode:

  • In dev and test modes, it defaults to import.sql. Simply add an import.sql file in the root of your resources directory and it will be picked up without having to set this property. Pass no-file to force Hibernate ORM to ignore the SQL import file.

  • In production mode, it defaults to no-file. It means Hibernate ORM won’t try to execute any SQL import file by default. Pass an explicit value to force Hibernate ORM to execute the SQL import file.

If you need different SQL statements between dev mode, test (@QuarkusTest) and in production, use Quarkus configuration profiles facility.

application.properties
%dev.quarkus.hibernate-orm.sql-load-script = import-dev.sql
%test.quarkus.hibernate-orm.sql-load-script = import-test.sql
%prod.quarkus.hibernate-orm.sql-load-script = no-file

Quarkus supports .sql file with SQL statements or comments spread over multiple lines. Each SQL statement must be terminated by a semicolon.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__SQL_LOAD_SCRIPT

list of string

import.sql in DEV, TEST ; no-file otherwise

Pluggable strategy contract for applying physical naming rules for database object names. Class name of the Hibernate PhysicalNamingStrategy implementation

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__PHYSICAL_NAMING_STRATEGY

string

Pluggable strategy for applying implicit naming rules when an explicit name is not given. Class name of the Hibernate ImplicitNamingStrategy implementation

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__IMPLICIT_NAMING_STRATEGY

string

Class name of a custom org.hibernate.boot.spi.MetadataBuilderContributor implementation.

Not all customization options exposed by org.hibernate.boot.MetadataBuilder will work correctly. Stay clear of options related to classpath scanning in particular.

This setting is exposed mainly to allow registration of types, converters and SQL functions.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__METADATA_BUILDER_CONTRIBUTOR

string

XML files to configure the entity mapping, e.g. META-INF/my-orm.xml. Defaults to META-INF/orm.xml if it exists. Pass no-file to force Hibernate ORM to ignore META-INF/orm.xml.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__MAPPING_FILES

list of string

META-INF/orm.xml if it exists; no-file otherwise

The default in Quarkus is for 2nd level caching to be enabled, and a good implementation is already integrated for you. Just cherry-pick which entities should be using the cache. Set this to false to disable all 2nd level caches.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__SECOND_LEVEL_CACHING_ENABLED

boolean

true

Defines the method for multi-tenancy (DATABASE, NONE, SCHEMA). The complete list of allowed values is available in the Hibernate ORM JavaDoc. The type DISCRIMINATOR is currently not supported. The default value is NONE (no multi-tenancy).

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__MULTITENANT

string

Defines the name of the datasource to use in case of SCHEMA approach. The datasource of the persistence unit will be used if not set.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__MULTITENANT_SCHEMA_DATASOURCE

string

If hibernate is not auto generating the schema, and Quarkus is running in development mode then Quarkus will attempt to validate the database after startup and print a log message if there are any problems.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__VALIDATE_IN_DEV_MODE

boolean

true

Whether this persistence unit should be active at runtime.

If the persistence unit is not active, it won’t start with the application, and accessing the corresponding EntityManagerFactory/EntityManager or SessionFactory/Session will not be possible.

Note that if Hibernate ORM is disabled (i.e. quarkus.hibernate-orm.enabled is set to false), all persistence units are deactivated, and setting this property to true will fail.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__ACTIVE

boolean

'true' if Hibernate ORM is enabled; 'false' otherwise

Properties that should be passed on directly to Hibernate ORM. Use the full configuration property key here, for instance quarkus.hibernate-orm.unsupported-properties."hibernate.order_inserts" = true.

Properties set here are completely unsupported: as Quarkus doesn’t generally know about these properties and their purpose, there is absolutely no guarantee that they will work correctly, and even if they do, that may change when upgrading to a newer version of Quarkus (even just a micro/patch version).

Consider using a supported configuration property before falling back to unsupported ones. If none exists, make sure to file a feature request so that a supported configuration property can be added to Quarkus, and more importantly so that the configuration property is tested regularly.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__UNSUPPORTED_PROPERTIES

Map<String,String>

Dialect related configuration

デフォルト

Class name of the Hibernate ORM dialect. The complete list of bundled dialects is available in the Hibernate ORM JavaDoc.

Not all the dialects are supported in GraalVM native executables: we currently provide driver extensions for PostgreSQL, MariaDB, Microsoft SQL Server and H2.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DIALECT

string

The storage engine to use when the dialect supports multiple storage engines.

E.g. MyISAM or InnoDB for MySQL.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DIALECT_STORAGE_ENGINE

string

Query related configuration

デフォルト

The maximum size of the query plan cache. see #QueryPlanCache#DEFAULT_QUERY_PLAN_MAX_COUNT

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__QUERY_QUERY_PLAN_CACHE_MAX_SIZE

int

2048

Default precedence of null values in ORDER BY clauses.

Valid values are: none, first, last.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__QUERY_DEFAULT_NULL_ORDERING

none, first, last

none

Enables IN clause parameter padding which improves statement caching.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__QUERY_IN_CLAUSE_PARAMETER_PADDING

boolean

true

Database related configuration

デフォルト

The charset of the database. Used for DDL generation and also for the SQL import scripts.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DATABASE_CHARSET

Charset

UTF-8

Whether Hibernate should quote all identifiers.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DATABASE_GLOBALLY_QUOTED_IDENTIFIERS

boolean

false

Select whether the database schema is generated or not. drop-and-create is awesome in development mode. This defaults to 'none', however if Dev Services is in use and no other extensions that manage the schema are present this will default to 'drop-and-create'. Accepted values: none, create, drop-and-create, drop, update, validate.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DATABASE_GENERATION

string

none

If Hibernate ORM should create the schemas automatically (for databases supporting them).

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DATABASE_GENERATION_CREATE_SCHEMAS

boolean

false

Whether we should stop on the first error when applying the schema.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DATABASE_GENERATION_HALT_ON_ERROR

boolean

false

The default catalog to use for the database objects.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DATABASE_DEFAULT_CATALOG

string

The default schema to use for the database objects.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DATABASE_DEFAULT_SCHEMA

string

JDBC related configuration

デフォルト

The time zone pushed to the JDBC driver.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__JDBC_TIMEZONE

string

How many rows are fetched at a time by the JDBC driver.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__JDBC_STATEMENT_FETCH_SIZE

int

The number of updates (inserts, updates and deletes) that are sent by the JDBC driver at one time for execution.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__JDBC_STATEMENT_BATCH_SIZE

int

Fetching logic configuration

デフォルト

The size of the batches used when loading entities and collections.

-1 means batch loading is disabled.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__FETCH_BATCH_SIZE

int

16

The maximum depth of outer join fetch tree for single-ended associations (one-to-one, many-to-one).

A 0 disables default outer join fetching.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__FETCH_MAX_DEPTH

int

Caching configuration

デフォルト

The maximum time before an object of the cache is considered expired.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__CACHE__CACHE__EXPIRATION_MAX_IDLE

Duration

The maximum number of objects kept in memory in the cache.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__CACHE__CACHE__MEMORY_OBJECT_COUNT

Discriminator related configuration

デフォルト

Existing applications rely (implicitly or explicitly) on Hibernate ignoring any DiscriminatorColumn declarations on joined inheritance hierarchies. This setting allows these applications to maintain the legacy behavior of DiscriminatorColumn annotations being ignored when paired with joined inheritance.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__DISCRIMINATOR_IGNORE_EXPLICIT_FOR_JOINED

boolean

false

Database scripts related configuration

デフォルト

Select whether the database schema DDL files are generated or not. Accepted values: none, create, drop-and-create, drop, update, validate.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__SCRIPTS_GENERATION

string

none

Filename or URL where the database create DDL file should be generated.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__SCRIPTS_GENERATION_CREATE_TARGET

string

Filename or URL where the database drop DDL file should be generated.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__SCRIPTS_GENERATION_DROP_TARGET

string

Logging configuration

デフォルト

Show SQL logs and format them nicely. Setting it to true is obviously not recommended in production.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__LOG_SQL

boolean

false

Format the SQL logs if SQL log is enabled

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__LOG_FORMAT_SQL

boolean

true

Whether JDBC warnings should be collected and logged.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__LOG_JDBC_WARNINGS

boolean

depends on dialect

If set, Hibernate will log queries that took more than specified number of milliseconds to execute.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM__PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME__LOG_QUERIES_SLOWER_THAN_MS

Logging configuration

デフォルト

Logs SQL bind parameters. Setting it to true is obviously not recommended in production.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_LOG_BIND_PARAMETERS

boolean

false

Show SQL logs and format them nicely. Setting it to true is obviously not recommended in production.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_LOG_SQL

boolean

false

Format the SQL logs if SQL log is enabled

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_LOG_FORMAT_SQL

boolean

true

Whether JDBC warnings should be collected and logged.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_LOG_JDBC_WARNINGS

boolean

depends on dialect

If set, Hibernate will log queries that took more than specified number of milliseconds to execute.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_LOG_QUERIES_SLOWER_THAN_MS

Database scripts related configuration

デフォルト

Select whether the database schema DDL files are generated or not. Accepted values: none, create, drop-and-create, drop, update, validate.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_SCRIPTS_GENERATION

string

none

Filename or URL where the database create DDL file should be generated.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_SCRIPTS_GENERATION_CREATE_TARGET

string

Filename or URL where the database drop DDL file should be generated.

Environment variable: QUARKUS_HIBERNATE_ORM_SCRIPTS_GENERATION_DROP_TARGET

string

期間フォーマットについて

期間のフォーマットは標準の java.time.Duration フォーマットを使用します。詳細は Duration#parse() javadoc を参照してください。

数値で始まる期間の値を指定することもできます。この場合、値が数値のみで構成されている場合、コンバーターは値を秒として扱います。そうでない場合は、 PT が暗黙的に値の前に付加され、標準の java.time.Duration 形式が得られます。

PostgreSQLサーバをDockerで起動したいですか?

docker run --rm --name postgres-quarkus-hibernate -e POSTGRES_USER=quarkus_test \
           -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=quarkus_test -e POSTGRES_DB=quarkus_test \
           -p 5432:5432 postgres:14.1

これは、永続化されない空のデータベースを起動します。簡単な実験に最適です!

CDI統合

QuarkusでHibernate Reactiveを使用することに慣れている方は、CDIを使用して Mutiny.SessionFactory を注入したことがあると思います。

@Inject
Mutiny.SessionFactory sessionFactory;

これにより、デフォルトの永続化ユニットの Mutiny.SessionFactory が注入されます。

また、全く同じ仕組みで Uni<Mutiny.Session> のインスタンスを注入することもできます。

@Inject
Uni<Mutiny.Session> session;

テスト

Using Hibernate Reactive in a @QuarkusTest is slightly more involved than using Hibernate ORM due to the asynchronous nature of the APIs and the fact that all operations need to run on a Vert.x Event Loop.

Two components are necessary to write these tests:

  • The use of @io.quarkus.test.vertx.RunOnVertxContext or @io.quarkus.test.TestReactiveTransaction on the test methods

  • The use of io.quarkus.test.vertx.UniAsserter as a test method parameter.

These classes are provided by the quarkus-test-vertx dependency.

A very simple example usage looks like:

@QuarkusTest
public class SomeTest {

    @Inject
    Mutiny.SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    @Test
    @RunOnVertxContext
    public void testQuery(UniAsserter asserter) {
        asserter.assertThat(() -> sessionFactory.withSession(s -> s.createQuery(
                "from Gift g where g.name = :name").setParameter("name", "Lego").getResultList()),
                list -> org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals(list.size(), 1));
    }

}
See the Javadoc of UniAsserter for a full description of the various methods that can be used for creating assertions.

制限事項など知っておくべきこと

Quarkusは使用しているライブラリを修正しません。このルールはHibernate Reactiveにも適用されます。このエクステンションを使用すると、ほとんどの場合、元のライブラリを使用するのと同じ経験ができます。

しかし、両者は同じコードを共有していますが、Quarkusはいくつかのコンポーネントを自動的に設定し、いくつかの拡張ポイントにカスタム実装を注入しています。

ここでは、QuarkusでHibernate Reactiveを使用する際に注意すべき点を紹介します。

  • 現時点では、複数の永続化ユニットを設定することはできません。

  • persistence.xml のファイルでは設定できません。

  • Enversエクステンションとの統合はサポートされていません。

  • javax.transaction.Transactional を使用して、トランザクション境界を行うことはできません。

PanacheでHibernate Reactiveをシンプルに

Hibernate Reactive with Panacheエクステンションは、Active Recordスタイルのエンティティ(およびリポジトリ)を提供することで、Hibernate Reactiveの使用を促進し、Quarkusでエンティティを簡単に楽しく書けるようにすることに重点を置いています。